Please clarify|||it's actually quite simple if you're referring to GPS. navigation sateliteles are in geo-synchronous orbit, meaning they stay stationary over their place of Earth. you're GPS sends out a signal, and at least 2-3 satellites pick up this signal, and triangulate your position by follwing the signal back to your GPS unit. it's a lot easier to describe if i had a paper and pen. if you want an illustration, go to www.howthingswork.com and check it out on there.|||If you mean GPS, the work is done in three places: on the satellite, in the GPS ground stations that control the satellites, and in the GPS receiver. The satellite sends a signal telling precisely where in space it thinks it is and what time it thinks it is. If the receiver gets this information from at least 4 satellites, it can solve some equations to determine precisely where it is in three dimensions.
The GPS ground station is responsible for updating the GPS satellites' knowledge of their position and time.
Update: The reason my answer differs from the previous one is that I said you need 4 satellites to determine your position in three dimensions (for instance if you are an aircraft or spacecraft), and if your receiver doesn't make any assumptions about how accurate its own clock is. If you assume your own clock is accurate and you only need position in two dimensions, you can get away with fewer satellite signals. You'll lose some accuracy though.
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